基于有限元模型的汽车-行人碰撞事故重构研究

利用Hypermesh和Pamcrash软件,建立第50百分位行人下肢有限元模型和简化的厢式货车有限元模型,重构厢式货车倒车时与行人碰撞的交通事故案例,通过将模拟得到的行人损伤情况,比较韧带和骨骼的损伤,与医院给出的伤者诊断结果进行对比来确定初始参数,得出有限元仿真模拟碰撞事故的有效方法。结果表明,通过有限元仿真进行碰撞事故的模拟可以评估人体运动响应和损伤机理,从而反推出碰撞时汽车所处的工况。

Research on Reconstruction of Vehicle-Pedestrian Collision Based on Finite Element Analysis

By using the software of Hypermesh and Pamcrash, a lower extremity finite element model of the 50 percentile pedestrian and a simplified finite element model of the van truck were established to reconstruct the traffic accident. The van collided with a pedestrian when reversing. The simulation results obtained from the final accident reconstruction were compared with the CT images of the injured person to determine the initial parameter values in the model. The angle between the rear bumper and the body''s coronal plane during the impact process and the collision speed range are the main influencing factors. The results indicate that the proposed finite element simulation can evaluate the human body motion in response to the collision and the pedestrian injury mechanism, so as to infer the vehicle working conditions during the accident.