基于轨道交通刷卡数据的城市通勤圈范围研究

城市通勤圈范围是从交通视角判断城市空间结构的重要依据。介绍了通勤圈的概念,提出了评价通勤圈范围的绝对通勤圈范围和相对通勤圈范围两个指标。以深圳轨道交通刷卡数据为例说明通勤圈范围的研究方法:从数据格式转换、数据清洗、数据匹配、空间映射、数据提取等5个方面进行数据准备;按照轨道交通线站位置的空间布局构建基础网络;以目标车站为参照,进行网格通勤指标分析,并利用Arcgis软件中的插值、等值线工具分析得到目标车站的绝对与相对通勤圈范围。以深圳市高新技术产业园区为例,验证该研究方法的可行性。结果表明:2012—2015年,深圳高新技术产业园区职住分离加剧,向心交通进一步恶化,片区在原二线关范围内的职住平衡比例由40%下降至30%,而居住在原二线关范围外的就业人口在早高峰至少增加1.4万人次/h的向心轨道交通客流。

Study on Urban Commuting Circle Based on Rail Card Data

Urban commuting circle is an important basis to judge urban space structure from the perspective of traffic. Firstly,the concept of urban commuting circle is introduced, absolute and relative indicators are presented to evaluate the size of commuting circle; secondly,Shenzhen rail card data is used to explain the research method of rail commuting circle,5 preparations are needed: data format conversion,data clean-ing,data matching,space mapping and data extraction. On this basis,a network infrastructure is built based on the spatial lay-out of rail transit systems,the grid commuting index is ana-lyzed through an analysis of the target station,thus the abso-lute and relative commuting circle ranges of the target station are obtained by using interpolation and contour lines in Arcgis. Finally,Shenzhen High-tech Industrial Park is taken as an ex-ample to verify this method,the result shows that in 2012~2015,the job-housing imbalance is intensified and centripetal traffic is further deteriorated,the job-housing balance propor-tion falls from 40% to 30% in the original second range,and the employed population living outside the original second range produces at least 14 thousand passenger flow per hour in the centripetal direction.