面向协调路径集与双环结构的区域绿波控制模型

考虑到区域内交叉口之间的方向性协调控制需求，以协调路径集作为区域绿波控制对象，针对双环相位结构建立一种区域绿波协调控制模型。通过对协调路径链、协调路径进行特征表述，结合协调路径的相交情况，分析在进行区域绿波协调控制设计时，不同类型的交叉口协调相位时间基点约束条件；在初选协调路径集的基础上，通过分析公共信号周期、相位时间、相位结构、相位差等优化变量之间的约束条件，以所有满足协调控制设计的协调路径总流量最大为优化目标，建立面向协调路径集与双环结构的区域绿波控制模型，实现对区域绿波协调控制参数的综合优化。模型通过引入协调路径决策变量以及设置交叉口协调相位基点最大允许偏移时间，保证通过区域协调路径集再优选后，纳入最终协调路径集的各协调路径上下游交叉口的协调相位基点受到最大允许偏移时间约束，以获得理想的绿波协调控制效果。算例仿真试验结果表明：与Synchro软件的单点优化和区域协调信号配时设计方案相比，所提模型方案的协调路径集平均延误时间分别减少了35.5%和18.1%，平均停车次数分别减少了74.1%和63.8%，所提模型方案的整个路网平均停车次数分别减少了38.9%和25.1%，可见所提模型能够最大限度地保证区域内协调路径集的绿波协调控制效果，在减少区域停车次数方面效果显著。

Regional Green Wave Control Model for Coordination Path Set and Ring-Barrier Structure

Considering the demand for directional coordinated control between intersections in an area, this study established a regional green wave coordinated control model for a Ring-Barrier structure with the coordination path set as the regional green wave control object. By implementing the characteristic expressions of the coordination path chain and coordination path, and combining node scenarios between coordination paths, the coordinated phase reference point constraints of different types of intersections were analyzed in the design of regional green wave coordinated control. Based on the initial optimization results of the coordination path set, a regional green wave control model oriented to the coordination path set and Ring-Barrier structure was established by analyzing the constraint conditions between optimization variables, including the common signal cycle, phase time, phase sequence, and offset, and maximizing the total coordination path volume using the coordinated control design, which could realize the comprehensive optimization of regional green wave coordinated control parameters. By introducing a coordination path decision variable and setting the maximum allowable offset time of the coordinated phase reference point, the proposed model ensured that after re-optimizing the regional coordination path set, the upstream and downstream intersection coordinated phase reference points of each coordination path included in the final coordination path set were constrained by the maximum allowable offset time to obtain the ideal green wave coordinated control effect. Simulation results demonstrate that compared to the signal timing schemes of single intersection optimization and regional coordination designed by the Synchro software, the proposed model scheme reduces the average delay in the coordination path set by 35.5% and 18.1%, and the average number of stops by 74.1% and 63.8%, respectively. In the entire road network, the proposed model scheme reduces the average number of stops by 38.9% and 25.1%, respectively. This proves that this method can ensure the green wave coordinated control effect of the coordination path set in the target area and effectively reduce the number of stops.