浮式采油、储油和卸油装置管理现状研究与建议

随着海洋石油开发步伐的加大,浮式采油、储油和卸油装置及其简易装置--浮式储油船规模急剧扩大,世界各国对其管理各有特点.且存在着诸多不合理因素.针对国内外管理浮式生产储油装置的复杂现状,列举了美国、英国、挪威、澳大利亚等国对浮式储油装置的主要管理做法,通过对比,分析研究了国内外在法律适用、行政管理执法和海上应急处置方面所存在的不足,就如何促进浮式储油装置的合理化、规范化管理,提出科学定义浮式储油装置、统一适用国内相关专业法规和国际海事组织(IMO,International Maritime Organization)制定的相关公约以及分功能联合管理的建议.

Present Management Situation of Floating Oil Production,Storage and Offloading System and Some Suggestions

With the development of offshore oil exploitation,scale of floating production storage and offloading systems(FPSOs) and floating storage unit systems (FSUs) increases dramatically,but not all management of them is perfectly proper. Present management situations of FPSOs & FSUs in china and foreign countries are introduced. The FPSOs & FSUs management systems at home and abroad are compared in respect to law applicability,law-en-forcement of administrative body and contingency arrangement,and their shortcomings are pointed out. Some suggestions about rationalization and standardization of the management of FPSOs and FSUs are put forward,including scientific definition of FPSOs & FSUs,unification of law application concerning domestic regulations and IMO conventions ,and function-assigning joint supervision.