基于流固耦合模型的车门密封条隔声研究

采用浸入边界-格子玻尔兹曼法建立密封系统流固耦合模型，研究不同预压缩量下的密封条隔声。利用浸入边界法建立密封条的力学模型，同时用格子玻尔兹曼法模拟周围流体，两者结合完成实际车门密封条系统的二维简化计算模型。通过比较动态载荷下有限元和浸入边界模型的模拟结果，验证了系统建模的有效性。设计并搭建密封条隔声试验台架，可测量不同预压缩条件下的隔声。试验与仿真的结果相互验证，结果显示，有效挤压下密封条隔声量随着预压缩量缓慢上升，而产生缝隙后隔声量将显著下降。研究证明浸入边界-格子玻尔兹曼法处理流固耦合建模简便且计算效率高，在汽车密封系统相关的失效、隔声、泄漏噪声等问题上有广泛的应用前景。

Research on Sound Insulation of Car Door Sealing Strips Based on a Fluid-Structure Interaction Model

The immersed boundary-lattice Boltzmann method was used to establish a fluid-structure interaction model for sealing systems, and the sound insulation performance of sealing strips was studied under different levels of pre-compression. The mechanics model of sealing strips around the car door was developed using the immersed boundary method, and the surrounding fluid was simulated using the lattice Boltzmann method. The combination of these two methods resulted in the two-dimensional simplified calculation model. To validate the model, the simulation results were compared with those obtained from the finite element method and immersed boundary methods under dynamic loads. A test bench was designed and built to measure the sound insulation of sealing strips under different levels of pre-compression. The experimental and simulation results are in good agreement and the results show that the amount of sound insulation provided by sealing strips under effective extrusion increases slowly with the increase of precompression. However, a significant reduction in sound insulation is observed once the seal gaps are generated. The paper proves that the immersed boundary-lattice Boltzmann method is a simple and computationally efficient technique for modeling fluid-structure interactions. This method has broad potential for addressing issues related to automotive sealing systems, such as failure, sound insulation and leakage noise.