船舶在狭窄、浅水航道船行波的数值模拟

狭窄、浅水航道船行波对内河航运安全、航道维护和水域生态环境等存在诸多负面影响。针对狭窄、浅水航道船舶兴波问题,选择内河巡逻艇,基于较为成熟的CFD技术,应用重叠网格(Overset mesh)、两相流、自由表面(VOF)、六自由度(6-DOF)等物理模型和Realizable 湍流模型,模拟分析了船行波波形耦合、反射生成的尾浪以及与岸边相互作用的拍岸现象,并对4.2米某巡逻艇在水深0.95米距离航道2米条件下航行时的升沉、纵倾和水动压力进行监测。研究表明,内河巡逻艇在狭窄、浅水航道波形耦合、反射以及拍岸现象明显,浅水效应、升沉响应、纵摇响应逼真；兴波拍岸位置 与 处的拍岸波高分别为0.02373与0.037065米。本文研究为解释狭窄、浅水航道船行波及航道其他船舶与岸边、桩柱等的相互作用具有指导意义。

Numerical Analysis of Ship Waves in Narrow and Shallow Channel

Water wave of ship in narrow and shallow channel has many negative impacts on the safety and maintenance of inland waterway transport and water ecological environment. In this paper, several physical models (Overset-mesh, Two-phase Flow, VOF and Dynamic Fluid Body Interaction) and turbulence model (Realizable K-Epsilon) were used to simulate the stern wave (due to coupling and reflection of ship wave) and surf wave (owing to interaction of ship wave and bank) of a 5.4 meters inland waterway patrol craft in a 0.95 meter depth and 4 meter width channel based on Computational Fluid Dynamics technology. The pitching, heaving motions and hydrodynamic pressure of the patrol craft in sailing condition were also monitored during the simulation. Results show that the coupling and reflection of ship wave pattern and surf wave are simulated very verisimilarly, and the pitching, heaving motions as well as shallow water effect of the patrol craft have also been clearly shown. Results also reveal that the position of surf wave zone are respectively x/Lpp=1.392 and x/Lpp=1.6130, which are in correspondence with wave height at position 0.02373 meter and 0.037065 meter. The research of this paper is beneficial to the study of interaction among ship waves in narrow and shallow waterway.