基于可更换构件的可恢复功能桥梁防震结构研究综述

基于大震不倒，且震后无需修复或者稍加修复就能恢复正常使用功能理念的可恢复功能桥梁防震结构是桥梁地震工程研究的热点之一。设置可更换构件是实现桥梁结构可恢复功能的一种有效途径，附加可更换构件可恢复功能桥梁防震结构是指：在结构适当部位设置减震装置作为可更换构件，通过牺牲可更换构件从而保护主体结构免受损伤或大幅减小损伤，震后通过更换损坏构件以恢复结构正常使用功能。对附加可更换构件的可恢复功能桥梁防震结构的研究进行了系统的梳理和总结。首先介绍了附加可更换构件的可恢复功能桥梁防震结构的设计理念；然后总结了目前国内外可更换构件的类型、附加可更换构件桥梁结构的抗震性能及其抗震设计方法的研究现状；并通过实际工程应用案例说明了附加可更换构件的可恢复功能桥梁防震结构的工程实践价值；最后探讨了附加可更换构件的可恢复功能桥梁防震结构的发展趋势。现有研究表明，附加可更换构件桥梁结构的功能可恢复性已得到了工程界的认可，但仍然需要在新材料、新构造形式的开发，系统性的试验研究以及抗震性能优化设计等方面开展深入研究。

Review of Seismic Resilient Bridge Structures with Replaceable Members

Seismic resilient bridge structures are a popular topics in research on bridge earthquake engineering, based on the concept that structures should not collapse and should be restored with no or minor repairs after a major earthquake. The replaceable member is an effective method to implement the resilience of bridge structures. A seismic resilient bridge with replaceable members means that the replaceable members, acting as sacrificing members, are installed in the structure to protect the main structure from damage. The structure can be restored by replacing the damaged members after earthquakes. In this paper, the research progress of seismic-resilient bridges with replaceable members is systematically summarized. The seismic concept of seismic resilient bridges with replaceable members is first introduced. Then, a summary of the types of replaceable members and the research status of the seismic performance of seismic resilient bridges with replaceable members and its seismic design method is presented. Through practical engineering applications, the practical engineering value of such bridge structures is demonstrated, and the research trend of this bridge structure is discussed. Existing research has indicated that the resilience of bridges with replaceable members has been recognized in engineering circles, but the development of new materials and new structural forms, systematic experimental research, and optimum design of seismic performance and other aspects require further research and exploration.