燃料电池机车热管理系统建模和动态分析

为了提高燃料电池机车的工作效率和动态性能,根据燃料电池机车热管理工作原理,利用物质守恒定律、热力学第一定理和相似原理,建立了包含散热器风机和冷却液循环泵的面向控制模型,研究了旁路阀门开度、冷却液循环泵电压和散热器风机电压对电堆温度、温度差以及系统效率的影响.研究结果表明:旁路阀可以局部调节电堆温度、温度差以及系统调节时间,但几乎不影响稳态效率;循环泵可以调节电堆的温度差,在保证温度差条件下,循环泵电压越小系统效率越高;散热器风机可以调节电堆温度和响应时间,电压越小系统效率越高. 

Modeling and Dynamic Analysis of Thermal Management System for Fuel Cell Locomotive

To improve the efficiency and dynamic performance of fuel cell locomotives, a control-oriented thermal management model with a fan in the radiator and a coolant circulation pump was built by the law of mass conservation, the first law of thermodynamics, and the affinity law. Based on this model, the influences of the control parameters including the bypass ratio, the coolant circulation pump voltage, and the radiator fan voltage on the stack temperature, temperature difference, and system efficiency were studied. The results showed that, the bypass valve would influence the stack temperature and its temperature difference partially, and change the response time of the thermal system, but almost has no effect on the system efficiency; the circulation pump was able to adjust the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the stack to make it to be a proper value; with the same temperature difference, the system efficiency will be higher with lower circulation pump voltage; the radiator fan could not only adjust the stack temperature and the response time of thermal system, but also influence the temperature difference and system efficiency.