3D轴焊接构架式转向架重车过曲线轮轨横向力超标原因分析

根据转向架结构理论分析和动力学仿真计算,对3D轴焊接构架式转向架通过曲线时重车轮轨横向力偏大的原因进行分析。认为3D轴焊接构架式转向架的主、副摩擦面摩擦系数偏大,使重车通过曲线时斜楔处于卡死状态,轮对轴箱纵向呈刚性定位,从而导致重车过曲线时轮轨横向力偏大。提出只要将斜楔副摩擦面的摩擦系数减小至0.1左右,则在轮轨纵向蠕滑力的作用下,轴箱斜楔纵向就不会被卡死,而且轮对纵向定位刚度只由轴箱弹簧提供,可以有效地降低重车过曲线时的轮轨横向力。线路动力学试验证明理论分析和仿真计算的结果是正确的。

Analysis on the Reason of Larger Wheel/Rail Lateral Force for Loaded Car with 3D-axle Welded-frame Bogies during Negotiating

Based on the theoretical analysis of bogie structure and dynamics simulation, the larger wheel/rail lateral force of loaded car with 3D-axle welded-frame bogies during negotiating is analyzed. It is put forward that the friction coefficient of the main and the auxiliary friction surface of the wedge is larger than needed. When the heavy car negotiating, the wedge is always locked and the longitudinal stiffness of the axle box is nearly rigid, so the wheel/rail lateral force is larger than the standard permission. The friction coefficient of the auxiliary friction surface is reduced to 0.1, the axle box wedge would be movable along longitude under wheel/rail creep force. Then the longitudinal stiffness of the axle box is only provided by axle box spring. The wheel/rail lateral force will be decreased and meet the standard permission. The correctness of both the theoretical analysis and the simulation calculation is proved by line dynamics tests.