按经济效益原则确定旅客列车满员率的研究

铁路逐步走向市场使得旅客列车开行在注重社会效益的同时，也越来越多地考虑经济效益，就铁路旅客运输而言旅客列车的满员率要达到某种程度才满足经济效益原则的要求。通过对旅客运输收入和支出的分析进行了相关讨论。同时提出计算旅客列车开行经济效益必须区分优质优价和普通列车单位成本，并通过实例进行了分析和计算。

The Study of Confirming Train's Utilized Rate Based on the Principle of Economic Benefit

As the railway is stepping into the market gradually, the operation of passenger trains must consider economic benefit as well as social benefit. As far as railway passenger transportation is concerned, based on the analysis of passenger transportation income and payout, the article discusses what utilized rate of passenger trains should match with the Principle of Economic Benefit. Meanwhile, the paper advances that calculating the economic benefit of passenger must distinguish the unit cost of different kinds of trains with a real expample analyzed and computed.