铁路长大隧道消防设计探讨

以武广高速铁路浏阳河隧道、蒙西至华中煤运铁路崤山隧道两个工程的消防设计为案例,探讨解决铁路长大隧道消防设计的关键技术。铁路长大隧道火灾具有不确定性、产生的热量不易散发、容易复燃、温度上升快且烟雾大、救援设备和人员难以接近、间接损失大等特点,通过分析高压细水雾消防系统及超细干粉自动灭火装置的灭火机理及组成,提出了铁路长大隧道防灾救援站、设备洞室分别采用高压细水雾灭火系统及超细干粉自动灭火装置的设计参数,可供类似工程借鉴,并对《铁路工程设计防火规范》修编提供参考。

Discussion on Fire Protection Design for Long Railway Tunnel

Taking the Liuyanghe Tunnel on the Wuhan-Guangzhou high-speed railway and the Xiaoshan Tunnel on the coal transportation railway from West Inner Mongolia to Central China as examples,this paper discussed the key technology of fire protection design for long railway tunnels. Meanwhile,this paper analyzed the characteristics of fire hazard in long railway tunnels,such as: the fire grows uncertainly and is prone to re-burning, the heat generated by fire is not easily distributed, the temperature rises quickly with big smog,it is difficult for the rescue equipment and personnel to approach fire scene,the indirect loss is great,and so on. And then,after analyzing the fire-extinguishing mechanism and components of both high pressure water mist system and superfine dry powder selfextinguishing device system,this paper respectively proposed the design parameters for both high pressure water mist system and superfine dry powder self-extinguishing device system,used in disaster prevention and rescue centers and used in equipment caverns of long railway tunnels. This study result can serve as a reference,for the design of similar projects and for the revising of the book titled The Code for fire Protection Design of Railway Engineering.