道路阻抗函数研究综述

道路阻抗是交通分配和路网规划中的重要参数，是路网属性抽象的重要内容之一。为给道路阻抗函数研究提供新思路和新方法，更好服务于交通分配和路网规划，针对路阻函数的研究背景及现实意义，从路阻函数研究方法和影响因素两方面综合对比分析各种路阻函数模型的优缺点，分析得出既有研究多以美国联邦公路局（Bureau of Public Roads, BPR）函数为基础，针对BPR函数本身缺陷进行优化，或加入其他影响路阻的因素进行优化。在此基础上，总结得出目前路阻函数研究中存在不重视数据采集、函数内参数不可靠、函数适应性不强等问题。最后，对未来研究方向进行了展望，未来可应用车联网、自动驾驶等前沿技术采集数据，应用大数据和人工智能算法提高参数可靠度，提出适用于自动驾驶的路阻函数，制定路阻函数适应性标准，扩大路阻函数应用范围。

Review of Studies on Road Impedance Functions

Road impedance is an important parameter for traffic distribution and road network planning, as well as one of the important contents of road network attribute abstraction. In order to provide new ideas and methods for studying road impedance functions, and better serve the traffic distribution and road network planning, in view of the research background and practical significance of road impedance function, the advantages and disadvantages of various road impedance function models were analyzed from the aspects of research methods and influencing factors. The existing studies were mostly based on the Bureau of Public Roads (BPR) function. They either optimized the BPR function, or introduced other factors that impacted road impedance. On this basis, it was concluded that there were some problems in the existing study of road impedance functions, such as data collection not seriously taken, parameters in functions not reliable, and the adaptabilities of those functions not strong enough. Finally, the future research directions on this topic were discussed. The leading-edge technology will be used, such as using car networking and automatic driving to collect data, using big data and AI algorithm to improve parameter reliability. A road impedance function suitable for automatic driving will be proposed. The adaptability standard of road impedance function will be formulated. The application range of road impedance function will be expanded.