地铁车站站厅排烟口位置对乘客安全疏散的影响

为改善地铁车站站厅层公共区的排烟效果,以郑州某地铁车站为研究对象,利用FDS(火灾数值模拟)软件对不同的排烟工况下的火灾数据进行数值模拟计算,得出以下结论:在安全疏散时间内,除了着火点周围3 m区域范围,其他位置均能够满足乘客的安全疏散要求;火灾时,相比排烟管道设置在站厅层公共区围护结构两侧区域,排烟管道在站厅层公共区中部区域时更有利于乘客的安全疏散;在进行排烟设计时,站厅层公共区易发生火灾部位周围沿站厅层长度方向上12.6 m范围内、宽度方向上6.45 m范围内不应设置排烟防火阀。

Influence of Smoke Outlet Location in Subway Station Hall on Passenger Safety Evacuation

In order to improve the smoke emission effect in the public area on subway station hall floor,a subway station of Zhengzhou rail transit is taken as the research target.Fire data simulation(FDS)software is used to simulate and calculate the fire data under different smoke exhaust conditions,following conclusions are drawn.During the period of safe evacuation,except the 3 m area around the fire,all other places can meet the requirements for passenger safe evacuation;in case of fire,compared to the areas on both sides of the protective structure which is set in the public area on the station hall floor,the smoke exhaust pipe set in the central area on the station hall floor is more conducive to the safe evacuation of passengers.Therefore,in smoke exhaust duct design,the smoke exhaust valves should not be set in the 12.6 m range along the length direction and 6.45 m range along the width direction of the places prone to fire on the station hall.