提高船用阻尼材料应用效果的优化设计方法

基于模态应变能法及结构动力学优化理论,研究提高船用阻尼材料应用效果的多种方法。方法1是在满足所使用阻尼材料重量相同的条件下,首先对阻尼材料进行一定百分比的开孔,与同等重量的实心阻尼材料结构相比,贴敷开孔阻尼材料的结构损耗因子得到了提高;其次,以所用阻尼材料重量为优化目标函数,在满足给定的整体结构损耗因子约束条件下,建立贴敷阻尼材料复合悬臂板优化模型。方法2主要优化设计复合板不同区域阻尼材料的厚度值。方法3则主要针对复合板不同区域阻尼材料的分布进行拓扑优化设计,得出在给定复合板前3阶模态损耗因子约束条件下阻尼材料的最佳厚度值和拓扑分布。研究结果表明:阻尼材料上一定百分比的开孔可有效提高结构减振效果;通过重量目标函数及考虑损耗因子约束的阻尼材料结构厚度优化和拓扑分布优化,可以找到满足指定减振要求下阻尼材料用量最小的结构,且拓扑分布优化效果更好。

Design Methods for Damping Materials Applied to Ships

Based on the theory of modal strain energy method and structural dynamic optimization, several methods for improving the application effects of damping materials on ships were presented. Within the same weight of damping materials, the loss factor of damping structure with a certain percentage of holes was improved by compared with damping structure without holes. Then, two models of composite cantilever plates were established with regard to meet the limited loss factor. One was for the optimization design of the thickness, whereas the other was for topology optimization design of the distribution of damping materi- als. The target function is total weight of damping materials. Finally, the optimal thickness and distribution of damping materials in the first three modes of models were obtained. The results indicate that damping materials with holes can improve the effect of vibroacoustics reduction.