倒拖调迁船舶和双向推进船舶几个规范要求适用性分析

船舶相关的国际公约、船旗国主管机关的法定要求和船级社规范中的很多条文与船首定义密切相关，对于大多数船舶而言，船首的含义非常明确，但对于双向推进船舶和倒拖调迁的非自航船舶而言，其船首的含义有特殊性。针对此问题，本文探讨双向推进船舶和倒拖调迁船舶的船首定义，分析了相关条文，重点分析了防撞舱壁、船端加强、号灯布置、最小船首高度和首锚布置等的相关要求，并提出规范对这些船舶的适用性建议。本文研究和观点有利于明确和完善国际公约、船旗国主管机关的法定要求和船级社规范的船首含义，对船舶设计、审图和建造将有重要指导意义。

Applicability Analysis of Several Rule Requirements for Reversed Towing and Double Acting Ships

Many provisions in international conventions concerning ships, the statutory requirements of flag country authorities and classification society rules are closely related to the definition of bow. For most ships, the meaning of bow is very clear, but for reversed towing and double acting ships, the meaning of bow has its particularity. In this paper, the definitions of bow of these ships are discussed and the relevant provisions about collision bulkhead, bow and stern reinforcement, signal lamp arrangement, minimum bow height and bow anchor are analyzed. And then, some applicability suggestions are put forward. The research and viewpoints in this paper are helpful to clear and perfect the international conventions, the statutory requirements of the flag country authorities and classification society rules, which will have important guiding significance for ship design, check and construction.