20000TEU集装箱船水密横舱壁结构精度建造的预控

水密横舱壁作为20000TEU集装箱船的关键结构,对尺寸精度的要求十分严苛,尤其是焊接变形严重影响其建造精度。针对这一问题,采用基于固有变形理论的弹性有限元分析,来预测水密横舱壁结构的面外焊接变形。同时,比较了计算固有变形的两种方法的准确度,并且总结了热输入与固有变形各分量的经验公式,还提出了减小面外焊接变形的措施。结果表明,通过与实测数据对比验证了弹性有限元分析可快速、准确地预测水密横舱壁结构的面外焊接变形；对于对接接头,变形反演法比应变积分法得到的横向固有弯曲更准确；热输入与固有变形各分量呈线性递增关系；将整个水密横舱壁结构由原来的3段分成5段,并采用对称焊接顺序,面外焊接变形最小,同时会降低对船厂吊装能力的要求。

Prediction and Controlling Investigation of Accurate Construction on Critical Component of 20000TEU Container Ship (1): Watertight Transverse Bulkhead Structure

As the key structure of 20000TEU container ship, watertight transverse bulkhead has strict requirements on the dimensional accuracy. In particular, the welding distortion seriously affects the construction accuracy. To solve this problem, the elastic finite element analysis based on the inherent deformation theory was used to predict the out-of-plane welding distortion of watertight transverse bulkhead structure. At the same time, the accuracy of two methods for calculating inherent deformation was compared, and the empirical formulas of the heat input and the components of inherent deformation were summarized. The measures to reduce the out-of-plane welding distortion were also proposed. The results show that the elastic finite element analysis can predict the out-of-plane welding distortion of the watertight transverse bulkhead structure quickly and accurately by comparing with the measured data; For the butt joint, the transverse inherent curvature obtained by the deformation inversion method is more accurate than the strain integration method; The relationship between the heat input and the inherent deformation presents a linear trend of increasing; The whole watertight transverse bulkhead structure that is divided into 5 sections from the original 3 sections and using the symmetrical welding sequence can get the minimum out-of-plane welding distortion. At the same time, it will reduce the requirement on the lifting capacity of the shipyard.