基于显式有限元的高速列车吸能装置吸能原理研究

吸能装置是提高高速列车耐碰撞性能的关键部件。首先阐述了金属切削数值仿真的关键技术,包括材料的本构模型、切屑与工件的分离、切屑与刀具的接触和摩擦等。然后利用显式有限元仿真了薄壁结构被轴向切削时刀具的前角、切屑的厚度和宽度等对其吸能特性的影响。提出薄壁结构轴向切削吸能和轴向压缩吸能的组合作为吸能装置的吸能原理。分析结果表明,该吸能原理是一种非常理想的碰撞能量耗散模式。

Research on the Energy-absorbing Theory of High Speed Train Energy-absorbing Component Based on the Explicit Finite Element

Energy-absorbing component is the key component to improve the crashworthiness of the high speed train.The key technology of metal cutting process simulation was discussed,which includes constitutive model of material,chip-workpiece separating criteria,chip-tool contact and friction.Explicit finite element analysis is used to simulate the effect of the cutting tool rake angle,the chip thickness and width on the energy-absorbing capacity of the thin-walled structure which is cut through axial.It is put forward that the combination of energy-absorbing by cutting and by compress through axial is considered as the energy-absorbing theory of energy-absorbing component.The result shows that the new energy-absorbing theory is an ideal crash energy dissipation mode.