长大货物车强度试验中若干问题的探讨

针对长大货物车结构复杂、载重大、负载方式差异大等特点,阐述了其强度试验方法和评定的特殊性,并对涉及的结构计算分析、综合动荷系数、许用应力取值、转向架构架强度评定、自重载荷下应力和挠度等问题进行了总结及探讨,认为在长大货物车强度试验考核中,虽然还存在一些需要研究探讨的问题,但目前采用的试验及评定方法是可行的,并经过了长期的实践验证,因此,作者建议应充分利用多年试验及运输监测所积累的大量数据,开展深入研究,并汲取国外经验,着手制定规范长大货物车的强度评定方法,认为目前条件已经成熟,且是十分必要的。

Some Problems of High Capacity Wagon in Strength Test

Aiming at the complex structure of high capacity wagon, big load capacity and big differences load way characteristics , this paper expounds its particularity of test method and evaluation in the strength test . Through summarizing and discussing with some problems such as calculation and analysis to the structure, integrated dynamic coefficient and allowable stress value, bogie frame intensity evaluation, dead weight load stress and deflection, the authors think that the currently used test and evaluation method is feasible after a long practice inspection although there are some problems need to be studied when assessing the strength test. The authors also suggest that by combining with the test and transportation monitoring experience, carrying out deep research, and absorbing foreign experience, it is feasible and necessary to set up the standard of high capacity wagon strength assessment method.