高速铁路小半径曲线轮轨减磨技术研究

针对我国高速铁路小半径曲线钢轨及车轮轮缘磨耗突出的问题,采用轮轨固体润滑技术,在广珠城际铁路进行轮轨减磨试验。通过对钢轨和车轮廓形变化的长期跟踪,研究固体润滑前后轮轨磨耗速率变化,得出主要结论:(1)更换在线热处理钢轨后,小半径曲线上股钢轨寿命可延长1倍以上;(2)固体润滑对钢轨减磨效果显著,润滑试验期间,试验曲线上行上股钢轨的侧磨速率平均值显著降低至0.022 mm/月,仅为试验前侧磨速率平均值(0.105 mm/月)的21%,为同期未润滑下行上股钢轨侧磨速率平均值(0.122 mm/月)的18%,润滑试验停止后,钢轨侧磨速率上升至去年同期水平;(3)固体润滑对动车组车轮轮缘减磨效果显著,试验期间,某动车组偏磨侧车轮轮缘磨耗速率平均值由试验前的0.210 mm/万km降至0.042 mm/万km,降幅达80%,轮缘QR值未降反升,润滑试验停止后,轮缘QR值下降,偏磨侧车轮轮缘磨耗速率上升。

Study on Wheel-rail Wear Reduction Technology for Small Radius Curve in High Speed Railway

Given the severe wear on the rail and wheel flange at small radius curve of high speed railways in China, wear reduction tests are carried out on Guangzhou-Zhuhai Intercity MRT with the application of wheelrail solid lubrication. Based on the long-term tracking of the changes of rail and wheel profiles as well as the wear rate comparison of pre-and post-lubrication processing, the main conclusions are drawn as follows. After the replacement with online heated rails, the service life of the upper rail of small radius curve is more than doubled. It is noticed that solid lubrication has a remarkable effect on rail wear reduction. During the lubrication test, the side wear rate of the up-traffic rail plummets to 0. 022 mm/month, only 21% of the rate before the test(0. 105 mm/month) and 18% of that compared with the unlubricated down-traffic rail in the same period(0. 122 mm/month). After the lubrication test stops, the side wear rate of rail increases to that of the same period last year. The wheel-rail solid lubrication has a remarkable effect on the wear reduction of EMU wheel flange. During the test, the wear rate of wheel flange on the eccentric wear side of an EMU decreases from0. 210 mm/10, 000 km before the test to 0. 042 mm/10, 000 km, an 80% drop. The QR value of wheel flange goes up rather than down. After the lubrication test stops, the QR value of wheel flange decreases and the wear rate of wheel flange on the eccentric wear side increases.