现代齿轨铁路有砟道床阻力及轨道力学特性

齿轨铁路具备优越的爬坡性能,国外多铺设于山区旅游线路,我国尚无应用。针对齿轨铁路线路坡度大的特点,基于离散单元法建立大坡度有砟道床离散元模型,研究道床纵向阻力随坡度变化规律,并以所得结论为基础,建立齿轨铁路空间耦合有限元模型,对Strub模式齿轨铁路轨排稳定性及结构受力变形进行计算分析。研究结果表明:(1)道床纵向阻力随轨道坡度的增大而呈现余弦规律衰减,对齿轨铁路进行设计时,应对其进行重点考虑;(2)当5节车编组、轨道坡度25%时,轨枕弯矩最大值1.53 kN·m,不会对轨枕造成破坏;(3)轨枕最大位移量为0.79 mm,轨排结构不会失稳;(4)齿轨纵向位移峰值0.82 mm,齿轨最大应力位于齿根部位,峰值为75.8 MPa,齿轨满足要求强度。

Ballast Bed Resistance and Track Mechanical Properties of Modern Rack Railway

With superior climbing performance, rack railways have been mostly laid on the mountain tourist routes abroad while not been applied in China yet. According to the characteristics of the large slope of rack railway lines, the discrete element model of the ballast bed with a large slope was established based on the discrete element method, and the variation law of longitudinal resistance of the ballast bed with slope was studied. Based on the conclusions, the spatial coupling finite element model of rack railways was established to calculate and analyze the stability and structural deformation of rack railway track panels in Strub mode. The results show that the longitudinal resistance of the ballast bed presents cosinoidal attenuation with the increase of the track slope, which shall be particularly taken into consideration in the design of rack railways. When a 5-car formation is implemented and the track slope is 25%, the maximum bending moment of sleepers is 1. 53 kN·m,which will not cause damage to sleepers. The maximum displacement of sleepers is 0. 79 mm, which will not make the track panel structure unstable. The peak value of longitudinal displacement of rack rail is 0. 82 mm,and the maximum stress of rack rail is located at the root of the rack, with a peak value of 75. 8 MPa. The rack rail under this condition meets the required strength.