转向架焊接残余应力的测试及退火工艺

利用磁弹性法测量了材质为16MnR的CW-200型焊接转向架构架一定深度处的残余应力，分析了热处理前后构架中残余应力的分布及变化规律，并且研究了不同的退火工艺对焊后构架残余应力的影响．结果表明：构架焊接后存在较高的残余应力，在牵引杆座与横梁焊缝处最大值达到193MPa拉应力；而经过不同的去应力退火工艺处理后，残余应力的消除率不同．在630℃退火、保温3h工艺条件下试验用构架残余应力平均消除率最高，X、y方向的最大消除率分别为58．3％和54．6％．

Residual stress measurement of the welded bogie frame and the annealing process

Welding structure is an important part of a railway vehicle. However, the welding residual stress can cause greater destruction on the strength and stability of the architecture, which seriously endanger the safety. Magneto-elastic method is used to measure the residual stress of welded bogie frame at a certain depth, which the material is 16MnR and the type is the CW-200. And the welded bo- gie frame is dealt with different annealing processes. The results show that there is residual stress after welding about the frame, and the largest tensile stress is about 193 MPa. It can obtain different elimi- nating rates of the residual stress by different heat treatment processes. The average residual stress e- limination rate of the structure frame is highest under the condition of annealing at the temperature of 630 for 3 hours incubation.