塔克拉玛干沙漠公路固沙措施存在问题研究

在多年调查研究的基础上,发现塔克拉玛干沙漠公路的机械防沙工程体系虽能基本上保证道路畅通,却也存在着一些问题,即该防沙工程体系没有能够依据当地风沙活动的强弱,在不同地貌单元与部位上选用不同规格的固沙芦苇方格;没有能够大规模推广应用可大量减少材料用量且施工省力、质量易于控制的单层固沙芦苇方格;在固沙芦苇方格的维护上更偏重于大面积破坏后的重新栽植,而不是小面积破坏后的及时补栽;在新型固沙措施的研究与应用方面也滞后于生产需要。在分析问题的同时,也提出了相应的改进措施。这些问题的共同影响,明显地提高了机械防沙工程体系的建设与养护成本,导致其防护功效大幅度降低,并最终出现了有被人工防护林生态工程取代的趋势。

Study on Problems in Sand Consolidation Measures for the Taklimakan Desert Highway

Based on the investigation and survey for many years,it is found out that there are some problems existing in the mechanical anti-sand engineering system,though it can basically guarantee the highway unblocked.The problems cover the scale selection,manufacture methods,utilization effects,maintenance measures of reed grids and the application of new measures for sand consolidation.As a result,the protection cost of the mechanical anti-sand engineering system has increased,but protection function decreased.There is tendency that the biological engineering of artificial protection woods might replace the mechanical engineering system.The article focuses on analysis of the problems with the relevant mitigation measures.