公路工程建设对鸟类的影响和应对措施

对公路工程建设产生的机动车流、车辆噪声和公路照明等环境干扰因素对鸟类活动的影响进行分析。结果发现,这些干扰因素对鸟类的直接影响体现在阻隔迁移和车辆碰撞致死等方面,间接影响体现在生境利用变化、活动节律变化、繁殖成功率变化和群落结构变化等方面。对此,从国内公路工程建设环境影响评价的角度提出相应的应对措施,包括降低公路噪声、改变公路绿化和照明设计及加强营运期管理等。

Influence of Highway Engineering Construction on Birds and Countermeasures

The impacts of traffic flow,noise and lighting associated with a highway on the life of birds are investigated.The direct impacts are seen that the bird migration is blocked and a number of birds are hit to death by vehicles.The indirect effects are found more profound,including the changes of the habitat utilization,the activity rhythm,the breeding success and the community structure.To reduce highway noise,improve highway greening,adjust lighting design and strengthen management during operation period are suggested to mitigate the interferences of a highway to life of birds.It also suggests that the environmental impact assessment document for highway projects should include the requirements in these regards.