公路边坡景观视觉效果的定量评价研究

为提升公路边坡景观,增强评价的客观性和完整性,给边坡设计方案决策提供依据,应用SD法(Semantic Dif-ferential Method)定量评价7种路堑边坡的视觉效果。设计问卷调查表,选择56名评价者,采用5段评价尺度、20组形容词对,得出评价值。结果表明,路堑边坡景观的视觉效果由和谐因子、变化因子、施工因子三评价轴所构成;坡面植被覆盖率高且草灌结合的景观类型受到很高评价,而人工痕迹明显的边坡得到评价值较低;为增加边坡的视觉美学价值,应重点提高边坡与环境的协调程度,减少人工痕迹,灵活变化坡形,改进绿化模式。

Research on Quantitative Evaluation of Visual Effect of Highway Cut-slope Landscapes

In order to improve the effect of highway cut-slope landscape,enhance the objectivity and integrality of evaluation,and provide the basis for decision-making of slope design scheme,the semantic differential(SD) method was applied to quantitatively analyze the visual effects of 7 types of cutslope.The questionnaire,which selected 56 appraisers,took 5-sect value measures and 20 adjective pairs,was designed to get the value table of investigation.The results show that the visual effect of cut-slope landscapes is composed of three evaluation axes,namely,harmony,diversity and construction.Cut-slope landscape types with high vegetation coverage and integration of grass and shrub were highly praised.However,landscape types with strong man-made traces got low evaluation grades.In order to increase the visual aesthetic value of cut-slope,improving the harmony between the slope and the environment,reducing the artificial traces,changing the shape of slope with flexibility,ameliorating the model of greening should be stressed.