新建铁路穿越毛乌素沙地冬季风沙特征研究与生态恢复建议

目的通过现场实验观测从理论上分析当地起沙风速发生的时间和频率、分析风速和沙通量的关系，风速和风蚀的关系，找出最经济、最快速恢复当地生态的最佳途径。方法建立实验基地，现场使用气象风沙温度监测系统不间断收集8804组数据，然后分析数据，找出规律。结果空气温度比土壤温度变化剧烈，土壤深度越大，温度变化越平缓。毛乌素沙地冬季主导风向为西北风和北风，冬季风速大多为1m／s和2m／s，此风速不会起沙，在试验地冬季的最小起沙风速为4．6m／s。结论防治沙害的主要措施应为降低地表的风速，增加地表粗糙度减少风沙流的形成，在毛乌素沙地植被治沙是防止风蚀和水土流失，防止荒漠化的各项措施中最经济、最有效、最持久的措施。

Research on Winter Dust Storm Characteristics in the New Railway Construction Region of Maowusu Desert and Propositions on Eco-Recovery

Objective Through on-site observation,analyze the time and frequency of dust storms,analyze the relationship between wind speed and the quantity of dust and find the most economic and efficient method of eco-recovery.Methods Establish an experiment base,use on-site meteorological dust storm and temperature monitoring system to collect 8 804 sets of statistics,analyze the statistics and find patterns.Results The change in air temperature is greater than that of the soil temperature.The deeper the soil,the sm...