Well-to-wheel analysis for electric, diesel and hydrogen traction for railways |
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| Authors: | Andreas Hoffrichter Arnold R. MillerStuart Hillmansen Clive Roberts |
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| Affiliation: | a University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
b Vehicle Projects Inc, 200 Violet Street, Suite 100, Golden, CO 80401, United States |
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| Abstract: | This paper derives the energy efficiencies and CO2 emissions for electric, diesel and hydrogen traction for railway vehicles on a well-to-wheel basis, using the low heating value and high heating value of the enthalpy of oxidation of the fuel. The tank-to-wheel and well-to-tank efficiency are determined. Gaseous hydrogen has a WTW efficiency of 25% low heating value, if produced from methane and used in a fuel cell. This efficiency is similar to diesel and electric traction in the UK, US, and California. A reduction of about 19% in CO2 is achieved when hydrogen gas is used in a fuel cell compared to diesel traction, and a 3% reduction compared to US electricity. |
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| Keywords: | Well-to-wheel environmental analysis Railway traction Rail CO2 emissions Hydrail |
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