轮对安装形位偏差对车辆系统稳定性的影响

建立了具有轮对安装形位偏差的车辆动力学模型,对轮对安装形位偏差对车辆临界速度的影响进行了仿真分析.分析结果表明:可根据轮对安装偏转角的大小将轮对安装形位偏差对车辆系统稳定性的影响划分为易稳定区、欠稳定区和亚稳定区.在易稳定区,车辆系统的稳定性较高,且不易发生轮对偏磨;在欠稳定区,车辆系统的稳定性较差,且容易发生踏面偏磨;在亚稳定区,虽然车辆系统的稳定性较高,但容易发生轮缘偏磨.因此,为了提高车辆系统的稳定性和减轻车轮的磨耗,应尽量减小轮对安装形位偏差,使车辆经常运行于易稳定区.

Influence of Shape Misalignment of Wheelsets on Stability of Vehicle System

A dynamics model for a vehicle with the shape misalignment of wheelsets was set up,and the influence of the shape misalignment on the critical vehicle speed was analyzed by a numerical simulation.The simulation result shows that the stability of vehicle systems can be parted into easy-stable region,sub-stable region and defective-stable region in light of the value of wheelsets' misalignment angle.In the easy-stable region,a vehicle system has better stability and wheelsets have few abrasion.In the defective-stable region,the system has worse stability and wheel treads have heavy abrasion.In the sub-stable region,the system has better stability but wheel flanges have heavy abrasion.Therefore,in order to improve the stability of a vehicle system and decrease the abrasion of wheelsets,the shape misalignment of wheelsets should be decreased as possibly as,so that the vehicle can run frequently in the easy-stable region.