空中高速路交通流的跟驰现象及流量模型

为研究下一代航空运输系统空中高速路的流量模型,针对连接远程、繁忙航线城市对的空中高速路具有航路单向、无交叉、有性能限制、高密度运行的特点，以下一代航空运输系统的运行规则为基础,基于跟驰理论，对单层航路建立了空中高速路交通流微观跟驰模型.通过对空中交通流量密度关系的分析，扩展出空中交通流的宏观流量模型,该模型可用于航路流量优化、安全分析和航路容量评估等.计算结果表明:由微观跟驰模型得出,运行于空中高速路上的航空器间隔越小、速度越快、后机反应强度越小,后机相对于前机的跟驰反应就越强烈;由宏观航路流量模型得出,飞机流中航空器间隔越小、起始速度越大,流量变化就越明显. 

Following Phenomenon and Air Freeway Flow Model

Air freeways connecting long-distance city-pairs with heavy traffic flow in the next generation aviation transportation system(NGATS) are characterized by monolayer route with single direction,no crossover,aircraft performance limitation,and high density of operation.In order to study the traffic flow operation on the air freeways,a microscopic aircraft-following model for single-layer route of air freeways was established using the car-following theory,based on the civil aviation operation rules of NGATS.Through analysis of the relationship between air traffic flow and density,the model was then extended to a macroscopic traffic flow model for air freeways.The macroscopic model can be used for air route flow optimization,safety analysis,and capacity evaluation.Simulation results of the microscopic aircraft-following model show that the aircraft-following response of a posterior aircraft intensifies when the separation distance from its anterior aircraft is nearer,the speed of flight in the route is faster,or the respond intensity of the posterior aircraft is weaker.Simulation results of the macroscopic air traffic flow model show that the air traffic flow variation is more remarkable when the aircraft separation distance is smaller or the initial velocity is larger.