空中爆炸载荷作用下舰船结构毁伤规律研究

利用通用数值程序对空中爆炸载荷作用下舰船结构毁伤规律进行了分析,通过数值仿真结果与经验公式对比验证了所采用方法的有效性。在此基础上提取舰船结构毁伤效果、流场域以及舰船结构典型位置处的响应数据,得出如下结论:利用大型有限元软件在计算破口半径时数据结果偏小,但误差在15%以内,可以用于工程实践;空中爆炸具有局部性,取流体域半径为药包半径的六倍左右,满足工程要求;对于综合补给舰船型,舷侧为薄弱环节,应予以加强;舰船结构在垂向、横向以及纵向均具有较大加速度响应,且空中爆炸船体的响应衰减趋势较弱;药量越大,应力波传播速度越快,且在结构交界处较易出现应力集中的现象,对舰船强度有较大影响。

Regularity study of ship structure damage under air explosion load

Impact regular for ship structure subjected to the air explosion load based on general commercial software is analyzed in this paper. With the comparison of the numerical result and the experimental data, the validity of this method is proved. The impact result and ship structure response at different typical location are obtained from which the conclusion can be drawn as follow： crevasse radius from numerical simulation is small with error within 15% based on general software which can be used in engineering practice;air explosion is of locality with the fluid domain six times larger than the radius of the ammunition which is suitable for the engineering demand;the broadside is the weak link for the combination depot ship;acceleration response of same position differ in different direction,the attenuation trend of vertical acceleration on hull structure is weaker subject to air explosion than underwater explosion;the spread of the structure stress gets faster with larger explosion and large deformation occurs easily as the result of stress concentration.