隧道斜井施工方法

以包家山隧道3号斜井和秦岭1号隧道斜井工程为例，对斜井的正井法与反井法作了阐述，重点介绍反井法中排碴导洞的开挖方法、出碴方式、出碴设备、滑碴风险预防、通风方式、风管防护等内容。通过工程实践表明：1）正井法施工斜井是目前公路隧道施工斜井广泛采用的方法，一般是为增加开挖工作面而设，可提高施工效率，缩短工期；2）反井法施工斜井是为隧道的运营通风而设，施工难度较大，对于施工机械设备的配套要求较高，故在条件许可的情况下，一般应采用施工方法成熟、安全的正井法。

Driving Methods of Inclined Shafts

Regarding the construction of inclined shafts,the downward driving method and the raise driving method are studied,with No.3 inclined shaft of Baojiashan tunnel and No.1 inclined shaft of Qinling tunnel as examples.Conclusions drawn are as follows： 1） The downward driving method is widely used in the construction of inclined shafts of highway tunnels,which are installed to develop new working faces so as to improve the construction efficiency and shorten the construction period.2） Inclined shafts for which the raise driving method is adopted are normally installed to facilitate the ventilation during the tunnel operation.These inclined shafts have great construction difficulties and have high requirements on equipments.Therefore,the downward driving method,which is a proved construction method and is safer,should be generally adopted for such inclined shafts.