屏蔽门系统地铁车站空调负荷研究现状及展望

地铁环控系统能耗在地铁车站能耗中占有较大的比例,在设计阶段准确计算空调负荷可有效挖掘系统节能潜力。对屏蔽门系统地铁车站空调负荷组成要素和计算方法进行分析,总结目前该系统负荷计算中存在的关键问题,指出当前对屏蔽门渗漏风和出入口渗透风采用估算方法是造成负荷计算不合理的主要因素。结合国内外研究者实测及模拟结果,对屏蔽门渗漏风和出入口渗透风的影响因素及研究进展进行综述,提出屏蔽门渗漏风的定量分析尚未有统一的结论,出入口渗透风是造成负荷偏大的重要因素。探讨快速准确测量屏蔽门漏风量的方法,开拓更加符合我国地铁建设环境的模拟软件,以及充分利用出入口渗透新风减少机械新风负荷是今后研究发展的方向。

Research Status and Prospect on Air-conditioning Load of Metro Station with Platform Screen Doors

Energy consumption of subway environmental control system accounts for a large proportion of the energy consumption of metro station. Accurate calculation of air-conditioning load during the design stage can effectively tap system energy-saving potential. In this paper, the components and calculation methods of the air-conditioning load of platform screen door(PSD) system are analyzed, and the key problems existing in current load calculation are summarized. It is found that the main factors causing unreasonable load calculation are the estimation method of the air leakage of PSDs and the unorganized ventilation of entrance/exit passages(EEPs). Based on the field measurement and simulation results of domestic and foreign researchers, the influencing factors and research progress of the air leakage of PSDs and the unorganized ventilation of EEPs are reviewed. It is pointed out that the quantitative analysis of the air leakage of PSDs has not yet reached a unified conclusion. The unorganized ventilation of EEPs is an important factor causing excessive load. The future researches shall focus on exploring the method of measuring the air leakage of PSDs quickly and accurately, developing simulation software in line with Chinese subway construction environment, and making full use of the unorganized ventilation of EEPs to reduce the mechanical fresh air load.