齿轨铁路发展及应用现状综述

齿轨铁路是一种专用于地势起伏较大的线路的交通形式,其主要特点是在列车转向架中部装有驱动齿轮,在坡道区域驱动齿轮与地面上的齿轨啮合提升爬坡能力。齿轨铁路在国外山区得到了普遍应用,在国内也有正在建设的旅游线路。齿轨铁路具有车辆爬坡能力较强、运载能力高于缆索铁路及建设对环境破坏小等优点,十分适合作为山地观光线路。首先对齿轨铁路的历史及技术进行介绍,阐明常见的几种齿轨铁路车辆及轨道的特点,对齿轨车辆转向架形式及驱动制动等相关技术进行说明。列出国外现有较为典型的齿轨铁路简介。最后对未来国内应用的齿轨车辆发展方向做出分析,并预测了齿轨铁路在国内的应用前景。

Overview of Mountain Rack Railway Development and Application

The rack railway is a form of traffic dedicated to the undulating lines. The main feature is that it is equipped with drive gears in the middle of the train bogie. In the ramp area, the drive gear meshes with the rack on the ground to increase the climbing ability. The rack railway has been widely used in mountainous areas abroad, and there are also some such railways under construction in China. The rack railway has the advantages of strong vehicle climbing ability and higher carrying capacity than the cable railway with less damage to the environment, and it is very suitable serving as mountain sightseeing line. This paper first introduces the history and technology of the rack railway, clarifies the characteristics of several common rack railway vehicles and tracks, explains the related technologies of the bogie forms, and lists typical rack railway lines in foreign countries. Finally, future development of the domestic rack railway vehicle is analyzed, and future application of the rack railway in China is predicted.