国外海上补给关键技术的发展

海上补给是指利用各种补给装备及技术在海上对舰船实施物资补充、人员车辆换乘的一种海上作业活动，是海军中远海作战的主要物资保障及转运方式，相关技术的研制及发展历来受到各国重视。本文介绍了国外海军海上补给技术的最新进展，重点针对横向补给、靠帮补给及车辆转驳等关键领域，分析了其背景及现状，梳理了技术研制情况，总结了未来发展趋势及各自关键技术。分析认为，多种新技术应用扩大了物资及装备海上转运的适用范围，提高了输转效率及作业安全性，并使海上补给技术发展呈现出重型化、快速化、智能化的趋势。

The development of underway replenishment technology

Underway replenishment, by which feul, ammo, personnels and vehicles are transfered at sea using various equipments and technologies, is the main support method of the navy''s pelagic operations, and close attention is paid on the development of related technologies by all countries. New developments of foreign naval replenishment technologies, especially in underway replenishment, skin-to-skin replenishment, and vehicle transfer, are introduced. Their backgrounds and current situations are analyzed, the progress of technologies is described, and the future development trends and their key technologies are summarized. According to the analysis, with development of new technologies, the application scope of maritime transshipment is expanded, efficiency is greatly improved, and a trend of heavy, rapid and intelligent is showed in development of underway replenishment.