自卸汽车底盘异常振动原因的试验分析

针对某自卸汽车底盘在使用过程中出现的异常振动问题,进行了道路行驶试验研究。测量了典型部位的振动加速度信息,并进行了时域和频域分析,得到了自卸汽车底盘的振动特性,找出了导致该自卸汽车底盘产生异常振动的原因。当车速为60 km/h或65 km/h时,车轮不平衡质量引起的激励或路面不平引起的激励频率接近了该自卸汽车底盘车架的1阶、2阶固有频率,车架产生共振,使自卸汽车底盘发生异常的横向抖动。为消除或减少该自卸汽车底盘异常振动现象,应控制各车轮不平衡质量,或改进车架结构,使车架结构的固有频率远离车轮的激振频率。

Experimental Analysis on Causes of Abnormal Vibration for Dump Truck Chassis

The road tests of the dump truck were carried out based on abnormal vibration of dump truck chassis.With the measurements of the vibration acceleration of typical parts and time-frequency analysis,the vibration characters of dump truck chassis were obtained and the reasons of the abnormal vibration were found out.Frame resonance and abnormal lateral chassis swing were caused by the actuation frequencies of wheel unbalance or road unevenness,which almost equal to the first order and second order ones of frame natural frequency under the vehicle velocities of 60 km/h or 65 km/h.The unbalance mass should be limited and the frame structure should be improved to make the natural frequency of frame far from the actuation frequency of wheels so as to eliminate or reduce the abnormal vibration.