海运集装箱运输路径选择

基于海运集装箱运输问题特性的分析，建立了需求不确定的海运集装箱路径随机规划模型．该模型以集装箱运输过程中利润最大为目标函数，主要约束包括航段容量和装载质量限制、重箱和空箱需求（重箱需求为随机变量）．应用机会约束规划方法求解模型．通过数值仿真，证明了模型的可行性．仿真结果表明，运力以及各起讫对运价是影响集装箱的路径选择的关键因素，而某一单一起讫对运价的变化对集装箱路径选择的影响不大．

Selection of Container Shipping Routes

The characteristic of container routing problem was analyzed. A stochastic programming model was established for selection of container shipping routes, and in the model uncertainty in container demands was taken into consideration. The maximum profit of transportation was taken as target function, and the major constraints include the limitations due to the capacities of a route section and shipping capacity of carriers, and the demands on loaded and empty containers. The demands on loaded containers are stochastic. Chance-constrained programming method was used to solve the model. Simulation was conducted to validate the feasibility of the model. Simulation results indicate that shipping capacity and transportation price are main factors influencing container route selection, but a change in transportation price of a port pair has a little effect on container route selection.