高速铁路轮轨滚动噪声预测计算模型研究

基于我国高速铁路噪声源定量化识别分析结果,研究不同速度条件下动车组主要噪声源分布及变化规律,发现列车高速运行时轮轨噪声和气动噪声均为主要噪声源,且2种声源存在严重混叠,既有测试技术无法有效区分。针对既有轮轨噪声计算时声源过度简化问题,利用1∶1全尺寸高速轮轨滚动试验台开展从100 km/h提速至350 km/h的滚动噪声试验,研究纯轮轨激励条件下声辐射特性,构建反映轮对运动轨迹、相干声源特性的轮轨滚动噪声预测模型。现场试验表明,模型预测值和现场实测值在关键频带一致,列车通过等效连续A声级的预测值和实测值之差小于0.5 dB(A),模型精度良好。

Study on Prediction Calculation Model of Wheel-Rail Rolling Noise for High Speed Railway

Based on the results of quantitative identification and analysis of noise sources for high speed railway inChina,the distribution and variation law of main noise sources of EMU(Electric Multiple Units)at different speedswere studied.The results show that the wheel-rail noise and aerodynamic noise are the main noise sources at high speedrunning,and the two kinds of noise sources are seriously mixed,so the existing test technology cannot effectivelyidentify and distinguish.In order to solve the problem of over simplification in the existing wheel-rail noise calculation,the rolling noise test with speed from 100 km/h to 350 km/h was carried out on a 1∶1 full-scale high speed wheel-railrolling test-bed.The acoustic radiation characteristics under pure wheel-rail excitation were studied,and the predictionmodel of wheel-rail rolling noise reflecting the movement track of wheel set and the characteristics of coherent soundsource were constructed.The field tests show that the predicted value of the model and the measured value are consistentin the key frequency band.The difference between the measured value and the predicted value of equivalent continuousA sound level is less than 0.5 dB(A)when the train passes through,and the model accuracy is good.