基于候选列车集与弹性需求的城际铁路列车开行方案优化

城际铁路列车服务水平直接影响着全天各时段旅客出行需求量。为了研究这种影响关系,获得吻合出行需求的城际列车开行方案,首先建立旅客时段出行需求与广义出行费用间的弹性需求函数,并基于给定候选列车集构造旅客出行网络,进而以最大化列车开行收益为优化目标,构建面向弹性需求的城际列车开行方案优化模型。模型结合弹性客流在出行网络上的路径选择,从候选列车集中选择开行列车,并优化其停站方案与始发时刻。在生成初始列车开行方案基础上,设计其邻域解生成策略,构建求解模型的模拟退火算法。算例优化不同分布客流的列车开行方案,结果表明:模型与算法能够获得更吻合弹性需求的列车开行方案,且有助于提高旅客服务水平与企业经济效益。

Optimization of Train Plan on Intercity Railway Based on Candidate Train Set and Elastic Demand

The service level of intercity railway trains has a direct impact on the passenger travel demands of different time-periods throughout the day.In order to fully consider this impact relationship and obtain a more suitable intercity train plan to satisfy passenger travel demand,this paper firstly designed an elastic demand function between passenger travel demand and the generalized travel cost,and then constructed a travel network for passengers based on the given candidate train sets.Based on these,an optimization model of train plan on the intercity railway oriented for elastic demand was constructed to maximize train operation benefits.This model devoted to selecting the operation trains from the candidate train sets,and then optimized their stop schemes and departure times by combining the route choosing of elastic passenger flow on the travel network.On the basis of generating the initial train plan and designing its neighborhood solution generating strategies,a simulated annealing algorithm for solving this model was constructed.Some numerical examples,where train plans were optimized with different distributions of passengers,illustrate that the proposed model and algorithm can make the train plan more consistent with passenger travel demand,which helps to improve the service level of passenger travel and the economic benefits of railway enterprises.