浅议外海深水码头建设的水动力问题

船舶大型化促进了我国建设外海深水码头的需求。外海深水码头的建设一般都因地制宜,有的建设于岛群之中,有的建设导堤将码头延伸于深水区,有的以建设人工岛为依托,有的建设墩式码头等。显然外海的水文条件大大地不同于海岸的水文条件,且条件更加恶劣,而人们对此认知甚少,资料缺乏,这给工程设计带来了许多困难。外海港口的建设会面临许多不同于海岸港口的问题和风险,需要预测、评估并提出对策,外海港口的运营也会带来一些新的问题,需要合理的解决方案。文中对建设过程中需要解决的有关水动力方面的关键技术进行了归纳总结。

Hydrologic and hydrodynamic items about offshore deepwater wharves construction

Many offshore deepwater wharves are being constructed by harbor authorities to meet the requirement of cargo vessel enlargement.The locations and layouts of the deepwater wharves are always determined according to detail situation.Some are built at islands chain,some are built at deepwater and with a dike for connection to main land,some are built by a man made island and some are isolated buildings.Obviously,the hydrologic and hydrodynamic situation of open sea is different considerably from that of coast,and is very foul.There are many technical difficults in desgin work for seldom site measurement data and research results.Many problems and risks may emerge to the wharves construction and operation,which are mainly different from coastal harbor.There are so many research works should be conducted for risk forecast,assessment and solution seeking.The main hydrologic and hydrodynamic items about offshore deepwater wharves construction are analyzed in this paper.