高速列车头型数值设计优化研究现状与展望

基于试验的传统列车头型设计方法通过对比从有限设计方案中寻优，并非真正意义上的优化。联合CFD仿真和优化算法进行列车头型设计优化，是列车设计研究的一个新方向。从设计方法、参数化建模以及计算策略等4个方面综述了国内外高速列车外形数值设计优化的研究现状，指出高速列车头型设计的发展趋势，即向与建筑物耦合设计、谱系化设计、多学科设计、全寿命周期设计及随机设计5个方向发展。我国列车运行速度不断提高，需要设计运行安全、高效与环境友好的高速列车头型，发展能广泛应用、高效可靠的列车头型设计理论与方法，建立高速列车头型设计技术规范和标准体系。

Present Situation and Future Development of High Speed Train Nose Shape Design Based on CFD

The traditional design methods of high speed train nose shape, based on experiments, chooses the best one by comparing the aerodynamic performance of those limited design options, which is not real optimization. Nu-merical simulation combined with nonlinear optimization method has offered the new research direction and field for train nose shape design. The present research situation of high speed train nose shape design and optimization is analyzed and summarized, in design method ,parametric method and computing strategies four aspects. Six re-search and development trends in high speed train nose shape design are pointed out as follows：coupling design with architectures alone railway, family design, multidisciplinary design optimization, life-cycle design, random-ized design. As the train speeds up, it needs in China to develop safe,high efficient and environment-friendly nose shape, to develop widely-used, reliable and efficient nose shape design method and technology, national guidelines and standards for high speed train nose shape design.