内河航道横流对船舶航行的影响

为了使船舶能安全通过航道内的横流区域, 利用水槽进行遥控自航船模试验, 提出了内河航道横流对船舶航行横漂速度、漂角、航迹带宽度和漂距影响的经验公式, 分析了Ⅳ与Ⅴ级航道横向流速的限值范围。分析结果表明: 横流对船舶航行的影响程度主要与对岸航速成反比, 与横流的大小及区域长度成正比, 与船型大小(航道等级)成反比, 同时与驾驶员的航行经验和初始船位有关; 在限制航路航行方式过程中, Ⅳ与Ⅴ级航道对岸航速为2、3、4m·s^-1时, 可克服的一个船长内横流限值为0.48、0.58、0.70m·s^-1。

Influence of cross current on ship navigation in inland waterway

To ensure ship getting through cross current region safely and determine the limited value of lateral velocity in inland waterway, the test of remote-control self-propelled model ship was carried out in flume, the influence of lateral velocity on ship navigation was researched, the empirical formulas were presented, which reflected the influences of cross current on cross drift velocity, drift angle, the width of sailing path and drift distance, the limited values of lateral velocities in Ⅳ and Ⅴ class waterways were analyzed. Analysis result indicates that the influence extend of cross current on ship navigation decreases with the increase of bank velocity and ship size(channel class), increases with the increase of lateral velocity and the region length, and relates to driver's navigation experience and ship's initial position; in Ⅳ and Ⅴ class waterways, for restricted route, the limited values of lateral velocity in the range of one ship are 0.48, 0.58 and 0.70 m·s-1 when the values of bank velocity are 2, 3 and 4 m·s-1 respectively.