非饱和土力学研究现状与进展

鉴于非饱和土力学在路基工程、边坡工程及基坑工程等诸多实际工程中有着广泛的应用前景,国内外众多学者历时几十年,对处于非饱和状态的黄土、黏土、膨胀土和人工填土,着重从土-水特征曲线、强度特性、本构模型、渗流特性和吸力测量等方面展开了深入的研究.基于非饱和土力学的研究现状,对土-水特征曲线的滞回现象、拟合方法;强度特性的理论成果和试验方法;本构模型的研究现状;渗流特性的试验研究和影响因素、吸力测试方法及工程应用等多方面进行了系统地综述,并分析其各自研究成果的优缺点,便于有效地指导实践.今后关于非饱和土力学的发展,不仅着眼于上述前五个方面扎实的理论研究,更加注重与实践相结合,实现快速、精准的试验方法或技术迫在眉睫.

Unsaturated Soil Mechanics Research Status and Progress

Considering the broad application prospect of unsaturated soil mechanics in many engi-neering field,such as subgrade engineering,slope engineering and excavation engineering,many researchers,both at home and abroad,have made an intensive study of unsaturated loess,clay,ex-pansive soil and artificial fills for decades,especially for the characteristic of soil-water curve, strength,constitutive model,permeability and the measurement of suction,respectively.Based on the current researches of unsaturated soil mechanics,this article makes a systematic review for unsaturated soil on various aspects,including the hysteresis phenomenon and fitting methods of the soil-water characteristic curve,the theoretical achievements and test methods of the strength characteristics,the current researches of the constitutive model,the experimental study and the influence factors of seepage characteristics,the suction test method,the engineering application, and so on.And analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of each studies,which are convenient to guide the practice effectively.The results show that the further study of unsaturated soil mechan-ics,should not only make more in-depth researches in the above five aspects,but also extremely urgent to pay attention to the connection with the proj ects and find out the effective and accurate test methods or technology.