建成环境对步行和自行车出行的影响--以波哥大为例

哥伦比亚波哥大以可持续的城市交通系统闻名，包括其密集的自行车道网络以及Ciclovía系统——为骑车者和行人预留的道路空间，可在星期日和节假日休闲出行使用。探讨此类设施以及建成环境的其他属性——城市密度、混合用地、可达性以及与公共交通车站的距离——如何影响步行和自行车出行行为以及Ciclovía的使用。结果表明，道路设施设计要素例如道路密度、连通性、与Ciclovía车道的距离，与体力活动相关；而建成环境的其他属性如密度和用地混合程度，对体力活动影响甚微。这可能是由于波哥大建成区的大部分街区均在非机动交通出行占绝对优势的时期演变发展——紧凑、用地混合、交通可达性水平相似。由此可见，影响非机动交通出行的因素是设施设计而非一般的街区用地属性。

Influences of Built Environments on Walking and Cycling:Lessons from Bogotá

Bogotá, Colombia, is well known for its sustainable urban transport systems, including an exten-sive network of bike lanes and set-aside street space for recreational cyclists and pedestrians on Sundays and holidays, called Ciclovía (“cycleway”). This paper examines how such facilities along with other at-tributes of the built environment—urban densities, land-use mixes, accessibility, and proximity to transit—are associated with walking and cycling behavior as well as Ciclovía participation. We find that whereas road facility designs, like street density, connectivity, and proximity to Ciclovía lanes, are associated with physical activity, other attributes of the built environment, like density and land-use mixtures, are not. This is likely because most neighborhoods in built-up sections of Bogotá evolved during a time when non-auto-mobile travel reigned supreme, meaning they are uniformly compact, mixed in their land-use composition, and have comparable levels of transport accessibility. Thus facility designs are what sway nonmotorized travel, not generic land-use attributes of neighborhoods.