国际集装箱内陆段铁路运输链碳排放量估算

忽略装卸作业、集卡短驳、空箱调运和能源生命周期排放会显著低估铁路运输链的CO₂排放量.本文聚焦国际集装箱内陆段运输，基于运输链视角和能源生命周期理念，研究铁路运输链(自空箱装车至港口重箱卸车)的CO₂排放.根据 ASIF(活动-结构-能耗强度-排放因子)方程，建立国际集装箱内陆段铁路运输链的CO₂排放估算模型，并以义乌经宁波港域出口集装箱铁路运输为例，估算不同情景下铁路运输链的CO₂排放量.结果表明，义乌-宁波铁路运输链的CO₂排放量最多被低估99.215%，新建铁路最多可减少CO₂排放量22.821%.研究成果可为评估多式联运的CO₂减排效果提供技术支撑.

Estimating CO2 Emissions from Inland Railway Transport Chain of International Containers

The CO₂ emissions from railway transport chain would be underestimated if the emissions from the activity of loading and unloading, pre-/post- haulage of containers, distribution of empty containers, and the life cycle of fuel are neglected. Focusing on the inland transport of international containers, we investigate the CO₂ emissions from railway transport chain (RTC, from loading empty container on truck to full container unloaded at seaport terminal) based on the perspective of transport chain and the idea of fuel life cycle. According to the ASIF (Activity-Structure-Fuel Intensity-Emission Factor) equation, a mathematical model is proposed to estimate the CO₂ emissions from RTC of the inland leg of international containers. Then the exported containers from Yiwu City by railway via Ningbo Port Area to overseas are taken for case study, and the CO₂ emissions from RTC under different scenarios are estimated. The results show that the CO₂ emissions from RTC between Yiwu and Ningbo are underestimated at most by 99.215%, and building new railways can reduce CO₂ emissions by up to 22.821%. The findings can provide technical support for evaluating the effect of multimodal transport on reducing of CO₂ emissions.