轻型客车正面碰撞车架吸能结构优化设计

非承载式车身结构的轻型客车发生正面碰撞时,车架是主要变形吸能结构。因此,根据正面碰撞安全法规对某轻型客车的碰撞安全性改进设计中,以车架改进为重点,采用计算机模拟和试验相结合的方法优化设计了车架吸能结构,控制了车架的刚度和变形,为整车通过我国正面碰撞安全法规奠定了坚实的基础。项目进行过程中在国内首次将大规模网络集群并行计算技术应用于汽车领域,同时开创性地进行了车架总成动态冲击试验。改进实践证明,类似结构的车辆可以通过对车架吸能区结构的优化设计,在短时间内以较低的代价显著提高碰撞安全性能。

Improvement Design of Minibus's Frame Structure in Frontal Impact

In the frontal impact of a minibus, the most of crash energy is absorbed by the minibus's frame structure. Some improving designs on a minibus according to the requirements of frontal impact regulation in China emphasize on it's framework, retaining exterior shape and main structure unchanged. Through numerical analysis and frame dynamic slide tests, the frame structure is optimized, also its displacement and rigidness are completely controlled, which is the base of the passive safety performance of a complete vehicle. By this way, similar vehicles' passive safety can be improved evidently in a shorter term and at a lower cost.