增程式电动汽车全生命周期节能减排绩效评价

采用全生命周期评价(LCA)一整套方法和理论,基于德国开发的生命周期评价专用软件GABI,选取国内市场上某款增程式电动汽车,建立该车全生命周期评价模型,从而对增程式电动汽车的节能减排绩效进行研究。根据增程式电动汽车结构特点,将整车划分为发动机、发电机等10大部件,从原材料获取、制造装配、运行使用和报废回收4个阶段进行节能减排绩效研究。结果表明,原材料获取阶段矿产资源消耗最多,运行使用阶段化石能源消耗占比最高,而报废回收阶段均产生了明显的正效益。从提高增程式电动汽车能源转换效率,优化电能结构和建立完善的报废回收体系等方面提出建议,以达到增程式电动汽车节能减排的目的。

Evaluation of Energy Saving and Emission Reduction Over the Whole Life Cycle of an Extended Range Electric Vehicle

This paper adopted the life cycle assessment(LCA) method and GABI software, established a full LCA model and studied the energy saving and emission reduction performancefor an extended-range electric vehiclein the domestic market. According to the structural characteristics of the extended range electric vehicle, the whole vehicle was divided into 10 main components including engine and power battery. And then the energy saving and emission reduction performance was studied for four stages, i.e. the raw material acquisition stage, the manufacturing and assembly stage, the operation and use stage and the scrap recovery stage.The research results show that the raw material acquisition stage has the highest consumption of mineral resources, the operation and use stage has the highest consumption of fossil energy,and the significant benefits are generated in the scrap recovery stage. Finally suggestions are proposed on energy saving and emission reduction for extended range electric vehicles, including increasing the energy conversion efficiency, optimizing the power structure and improving the scrap recovery system.