枢纽下游泄水波传递及对船队航行影响研究

根据已建枢纽非均匀下泄水流的调度和实测资料,采用二维水流数学模型研究模式,结合水流对船舶的阻力计算,研究了泄水渡传递运动规律和对上行船舶的阻滞作用.研究表明:泄水波波锋处产生的附加水面比降和流速与泄水波产生前水面比降和流量以及枢纽下泄流量方式有关,泄水渡传递速度呈沿程递减、波峰逐渐坦化规律.通过对碍航河段采取工程措施减小水流流速以及减小枢纽泄流变化幅度、延长流量增加的调度时间等方法,可减小泄水波尺度,削弱水流对行船的阻滞作用,有效改善船舶上滩条件.

Discharge wave transfer and flow retardation to up-bound ships in the river downstream hydro-junction

Based on the measured data of non-uniform flow of the existing hydro-junction,we studied adopting the two-dimensional flow mathematical model,and combining with the calculation of ship sailing resistance,the rule of discharge wave transfer movement and the flow retardation to up-bound ships.The research indicates that the additional surface gradient and the velocity at the wave crest are related to the gradient and flux before the production of the wave and formation of discharge;The movement speed of the wave decreases gradually and the wave crest becomes more even along the river.By the engineering measures such as reducing the flow velocity at the obstructing sailing river,narrowing the variation amplitude of discharge water,and extending the time of dispatching,the discharge wave scale can be reduced,the flow retardation to up-bound ships be weakened,and the navigation conditions be improved effectively.