基于微观经济分析的农村客运公共财政补贴模型研究

针对当前国家建立以公共财政补贴制度为基础的农村客运公共政策支持体系问题,从微观经济学与公共经济学的视角,探讨了农村客运的准公共服务经济属性以及其对经济社会发展的外部正效应现象。在此基础上,运用经典经济学中有外部正效应的公共服务供求价格理论模型,探索了政府直接供给与市场供给下的财政补贴供给对外部效应内部化的不同影响,并从提高经济运行效率的角度分析了两种模式的差异。结合农村客运发展特点,提出了农村客运供给理论模型。运用这一模型分析框架,分析得出了政府对农村客运实施公共财政补贴的理论基础及在实证层面具体公共政策的选择方式。

Micro-economic Based Analysis of Financial Grant Model for Rural Passenger Transport

In respect to the public policy of the establishment of financial support regime to rural passenger transport service,the attributes of rural passenger transport service as quasi-public social service and its positive externality to the socio-economic development were discussed in terms of micro-economics.The empirical demand and supply pricing theoretical model suitable for public service with positive externality was used to compare the difference between the supply directly provided by the government and the market based supply with government subsidy in terms of cost.A theoretical analytical model for rural passenger transport service supply was put forward based on the characteristics of rural passenger transport service.By application of the model,a theoretical basis to justify and implement the public policy of financial grant to rural passenger transport service was developed.