轮对稳态脱轨准则的研究

通过进行轮对的受力分析，导出了轮对临界脱轨的两个准则，一个为假设轮轨间出现摩擦滑动的经典脱轨表达式，另一个为考虑轮轨间蠕滑力效应的近似解析表达式。实例计算表明，经典方法的计算结果比近似解析方法保守，采用本文提出的解析表达式进行脱轨的判断更为合理。通过计算还得知，减小轮轨摩擦系数、增大轮缘角和减小轮对冲角有利于防止脱轨的发生。

Steady-State Derailment Criteria of a Railway Wheelset

Two derailment criteria for wheelset are derived through analyzing the forces exerted on the wheelset. One criterion is the classical derailment formula that assuming full sliding between wheel and rail occurs. Another is the so-called approximate analytic formula that considering the effect of wheel/rail creep forces. The calculations of an example indicate that the results of the classical method are more conservative compared with the results of the analytic method for the diagnosis of wheelset derailment. The analytic derailment formula given in this paper is more reasonable than the classical formula. It is also known that decrease of wheel/rail friction coefficient and angle of attack and increase of flange angle are advantageous for the protection of derailment.