Predicting market potential and environmental benefits of deploying electric taxis in Nanjing,China |
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| Institution: | 1. Development Research Institute of Transportation Governed by Law, Southeast University, Nanjing, China;2. Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States;3. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, National Transportation Research Center, TN 37932, United States;1. Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology Goyang, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Business Administration, Dongguk University, 123, Dongdae-ro, Gyeongju-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 780-714, Republic of Korea;1. Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Ilha Solteira, Brazil;2. Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Santo André, Brazil;3. Dept. of Statistics and Data Science, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain;1. Center for Sustainable Systems, School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, 440 Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States;2. Research and Innovation Center, Ford Motor Company, Dearborn, MI 48121, United States;1. Institute of the Environment & Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, USA;2. The International Council on Clean Transportation, San Francisco, USA;3. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, USA;1. Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spatial Smart Sensing and Services, College of Civil Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China;2. Key Laboratory for Geo-Environment Monitoring of Coastal Zone of the National Administration of Surveying, Mapping and GeoInformation, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China;3. College of Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China;4. State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China;5. Department of Geography, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA |
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| Abstract: | This paper investigates the market potential and environmental benefits of replacing internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles with battery electric vehicles (BEVs) in the taxi fleet in Nanjing, China. Vehicle trajectory data collected by onboard global positioning system (GPS) units are used to study the travel patterns of taxis. The impacts of charger power, charging infrastructure coverage, and taxi apps on the feasibility of electric taxis are quantified, considering taxi drivers’ recharging behavior and operating activities. It is found that (1) depending on the charger power and coverage, 19% (with AC Level 2 chargers and 20% charger network coverage) to 56% (with DC chargers and 100% charger network coverage) of the ICE vehicles can be replaced by electric taxis without driving pattern changes; (2) by using taxi apps to find nearby passengers and charging stations, drivers could utilize the empty cruising time to charge the battery, which may increase the acceptance of BEVs by up to 82.6% compared to the scenario without taxi apps; and (3) tailpipe emissions in urban areas could be significantly reduced with taxi electrification: a mixed taxi fleet with 46% compressed-natural-gas-powered (CNG) and 54% electricity-powered vehicles can reduce the tailpipe emissions by 48% in comparison with the fleet of 100% CNG taxis. |
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| Keywords: | Battery electric vehicles Taxi service Charging infrastructure Taxi apps GPS trajectory data Tailpipe emissions |
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