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检测数据的迅猛增长，计算手段的日渐丰富，不断推动着道路交通学科研究领域的扩展与深化. 本文针对日渐显现的“计算交通”研究领域，首先介绍了计算交通的内涵及目标：基于海量数据以计算的手段来认识交通问题；进而阐述了计算交通的特点及构成，并分析了计算交通发展的两个重要基础——交通检测技术的发展及分析计算工具的发展，详细分析了计算交通的研究领域与技术框架；最后对当前先进计算技术在交通中的部分发展进行了分析. 先进技术的不断发展将使计算交通成为未来道路交通学科研究的重要支撑和工具，希望本文的分析能够为未来计算交通领域的发展起到一定的启示作用.

Basic Content and Technical Framework of Computational Transport

Research fields of transport engineering has been enlarged with the development of new traffic detectors and computational methods. Firstly, the conception of Computational Transport is introduced, as well as its objective, to understand the problems and phenomenon in transport field based on mass data with computational methods. Secondly the characteristics and components of Computational Transport are proposed, and two important bases are analyzed, the development of traffic detection techniques and computational tools for mass data. Then the technical framework of Computational Transport is analyzed in detail, and the application of some new computational techniques in transport is reviewed. As we can get more and more traffic detection data, Computational Transport will be an important support tool for the transport engineering research.